What is basalt fiber?

Basalt fiber is a continuous fiber made of natural basalt stone as the main raw material. It is melted at 1450-1500 ℃ and then drawn at high speed through a platinum-rhodium alloy wire drawing drain plate. The color is generally brown and has a metallic luster. It is composed of oxides such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide and titanium dioxide. Basalt fiber has many excellent properties such as high strength, electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and anti-aging. It also has good compatibility with the environment and does not produce secondary pollution. Therefore, it is a truly green, high-performance new environmentally friendly material.

Excellent properties of basalt fiber

Purely natural continuous basalt fiber has a golden color, a smooth cylinder in appearance, and a complete circle in cross-section. Basalt fiber has high density and hardness, so it has excellent wear resistance and tensile strengthening properties. Basalt fiber is an amorphous material. Its operating temperature is generally between -269~700℃ (softening point is 960℃). It is acid and alkali resistant, has strong UV resistance, low hygroscopicity and good environmental resistance. In addition, it has the advantages of good insulation, high-temperature filtration, radiation resistance and good wave transmittance, thermal vibration stability, environmental cleanliness, and an excellent ratio of structural performance to structural quality.

①Sufficient raw materials

Basalt fiber is made by melting and drawing basalt ore. Basalt ore has abundant reserves on the earth and the moon, and its raw material cost is relatively low.

②Environmentally friendly materials

Basalt ore is a natural material. No boron or other alkali metal oxides are emitted during its production process, and it does not cause pollution to the atmosphere. Moreover, the product has a long service life, so it is a new green and environmentally friendly material with low cost and high performance.

③High temperature and water resistance

The working temperature range of continuous basalt fiber is generally -269~700℃ (softening point is 960℃), while that of glass fiber is -60~450℃, and the maximum operating temperature of carbon fiber can only reach 500℃. Especially when basalt fiber works at 600°C, its post-break strength can still maintain 80% of its original strength, while other fibers can only maintain about 50% or be completely destroyed.

④Good chemical stability and corrosion resistance

Continuous basalt fiber contains components such as K2O, MgO and TiO2, and these components are extremely beneficial and play an important role in improving the chemical corrosion resistance and waterproof performance of the fiber. Compared with the chemical stability of glass fiber, it has more advantages and can maintain higher resistance to alkali corrosion.

⑤High elastic modulus and tensile strength

The elastic modulus of basalt fiber is: 9100 kg/mm-11000 kg/mm, which is higher than alkali-free glass fiber, asbestos, aramid fiber, polypropylene fiber and silicon fiber. The tensile strength of basalt fiber is 3800-4800 MPa, which is higher than carbon fiber, aramid fiber, PBI fiber, steel fiber, boron fiber and alumina fiber, and is equivalent to S glass fiber. The density of basalt fiber is 2.65-3. 00 g/cm3 and its hardness is very high, so it has excellent wear resistance and tensile strengthening properties. Its mechanical strength far exceeds natural fibers and synthetic fibers.

⑥Outstanding sound insulation performance

Continuous basalt fiber has excellent sound insulation and sound absorption properties. It can be known from the sound absorption coefficient of the fiber at different frequencies. As the frequency increases, its sound absorption coefficient increases significantly.

⑦Outstanding dielectric properties

The volume resistivity of continuous basalt fiber is one order of magnitude higher than that of E-glass fiber, and it has good dielectric properties. Although the basalt ore contains a conductive oxide with a mass fraction of nearly 0.2, after special surface treatment with a special sizing agent, the dielectric loss tangent of the basalt fiber is 50% lower than that of glass fiber, and the volume resistivity of the fiber is also higher than that of glass fiber .

⑧Natural silicate compatibility

It has good dispersion with cement and concrete, strong bonding force, consistent thermal expansion and contraction coefficient, and good weather resistance.

⑨Low hygroscopicity

The hygroscopicity of basalt fiber is less than 0.1%, which is lower than aramid fiber, rock wool and asbestos.

⑩Lower thermal conductivity coefficient

The thermal conductivity coefficient of basalt fiber is 0.031 W/m·K - 0.038 W/m·K, which is lower than aramid fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, alkali-free glass fiber, rock wool, silicon fiber, carbon fiber and stainless steel.

Performance comparison of continuous basalt fiber and other fiber products

Main Application